Choiseul province's 16,000 Melanesian people live in the main island's western half and there are a further 2,000 Gilbertise living in Wagina.

Choiseul Bay, in the north-western part of the province is the provincial headquarters where one can take a canoe to visit waterfalls and the Sui River. Further north are attractive villages and a plantation with a large collection of Kesa money and ancient carvings.

Choiseul was traditionally called Lauru and much of the island's shoreline consists of long narrow beaches, some of which are bordered by large shallow freshwater marshes and ferns.

Occasionally the homes of saltwater crocodiles are extensive along the coast and in some isolated inland areas.

Although it had been comparatively quiet in WWII, there are several wrecked barges and aircraft in the shallow along the island's western coast.

In the 19th century, headhunting and slave-raiding parties from the New Georgia group regularly attacked the island and in 1916 there were ferocious tribal wars on Choiseul Island though these were brought under control by a peace treaty in 1921.  In the 1870's central Choiseul's chief evened the score by leading raids westwards and made forays against neighboring Wagina until it became totally uninhabited.